sherman



(N0 Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. W. D. SHERMAN.

TILE MACHINE.

No. 410.455. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

WITNESSES '7 [WE/V2051? N. PETERS Phnln-Lmwgrzphnr. Wzblinglun. B, C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. W. D. SHERMAN.

TILE MACHINE.

No. 410,455. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

W. D. SHERMAN.

TILE MACHINE.

No. 410,455. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

WITNESSES JJV'VEVVZ'OZ? (No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 4. W. D. SHERMAN. TILE MACHINE.

No. 410,455. Patented Sept. 3, 1889.

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47* Hrs UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIS D. SHERMAN, OF OMAHA, NEBRASKA, ASSIGNOR TO THE UNION HYDRAULIC DRAIN TILE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

TILE-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 410,455, dated September 3, 1889. Application filed July 19, 1888. Serial No. 280,391. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIs D. SHERMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Omaha, in the countyof Douglas and State of Nebraska, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tile-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appcrtains to make and ,nse the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved pipe or tile machine, partly in section. Fig. 2 is a side view of the same. Fig. 3 is a top view. Fig. i is a detail view of a portion of the machine. Fig. 5 is a similar View of a portion of the core. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view of another portion of the core. Fig. 7 is a side view of a sectional shell. Figs. 8 and 9 are views of the mechanism for forming a male joint upon the end of the tile. Figs. 10 andll are sectional view of the means employed to make the tile in twoparts. Figs. 12 and 13 are side views of the tile so formed, and Fig. 14 is a view of shell provided with pins.

My invention relates to that class of pipe or tile machines in which the pipe or tile is formed upon a revolving table by means of tamping-bars, which are secured to a frame which is movable vertically above the table, and which movement automatically stops or starts the tam pi ng-bars, and, further, in which the core is eontractible and is suspended above the table, and is also movable vertically; and it consists in the improved construction and combinations of parts of such a machine, as will be hereinafter more fullydescribed, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which the same numerals of reference indi cate corresponding parts in each of the figures, 1 indicates the base of the machine, to the ends of which are bolted or otherwise secured the lower ends of two columns or supports 2 2, said columns being preferably hollow and provided at their lower ends with flanges, by means of which they can be the better secured to the base. A table 3 is pivotally secured to the central portion of the base, so that the pipe as it is being formed within the shell l upon the table may be slowly revolved or rotated under the ends of the stampers or tamping-bars of the tamping mechanism above the table. The outer portion of the table is supported upon rollers 5, which are j ournaled in suitable bearings in the base 1. To prevent the accumulation of sand and cement upon the base and table as the machine is operated they are cut away in any suitable manner to permit the material to pass through them, but not in such a way as to interfere with the formation of the pipe or tile.

The tamping mechanism, which moves up and down in the guides 6 6 upon the inner sides or faces of the columns 2 2, consists of a frame composed of two yokes 7 7 within which the drum or cylinder 8 is suspended, and to which the tamping-bars 9 9 are attached by means of the blocks 10 10. The cylinder 8 is secured to the yokes by means of the brackets 11 11, and each block is provided with a pin 12, which projects through a slot 13 in the side of the cylinder and engages with acamgroove cut in the periphery of a wheel 13, which is journaled within the cylinder by means of a suitable spider or bearing. Each pin is provided with a cone-shaped roller 12, which fits within the groove of the wheel 13, and the upper portion of each tamping-baris bent, so that they may be partly rotated and make their lower ends fit within ditferentsized shells, the upper ends of the bars being secured in the blocks by means of the ordinary set-screws, so that they may be rotated as much as desired, or entirely removed. As the wheel 13 is revolved within the cylinder 8 by the application of power to its shaft 14, which is journaled in a cross-piece 15, secured to the tops of the columns, the blocks 10 are moved up and down in their grooves or slides upon the sides of the cylinder by the engagement of the pins 12 with the cam-groove in the periphery of the wheel.

A shaft- 16 is journaled at its lower end in the base 1, where it is provided with a spurpinion 17, which engages with a cogged rim upon the table and rotates the table, and at its upper end it is journaled in a bearing secured to the top of the column at that side, the shaft passing up within the column, and is provided at its upper end with a cog-wheel 19, which engages with an idle -wheel 20, which in turn engages with the cog-wheel 21 upon the shaft 14 of the wheel 13. The idlewheel is journalcd upon a stub-axle, which is secured to the cross'piece 15, and the wheel 21 is secured to the shaft 14 by means of a key or fin, which fits within a longitudinal groove in the shaft, so that the shaft can be moved up and down through the wheel 21 as the tamping mechanism isrmoved up and down and still be rotated by the wheel. The shaft 16 receives its motion from the drivepulley 22 through the bevel-wheels 23 and 24 and a clutch 25. the shaft 16 by means of a set-screw, and the other one 23 is provided with a hollow shaft, which is journaled in the side of the column at that side of the machine, and which is provided at its opposite end with a portion of the clutch 25. The pulley 22, to which the other portion of the clutch is secured, is secured to a shaft 26 by means of a set-screw, said shaft being journaled atits inner end in the hollow shaft of the bevel-wheel 23 and at its outer end in a bearing at the top of a bracket 27, which is secured at its bottom to the base 1 of the machine. The inner end of the shaft 26 is provided with a spur-wheel 28, which engages with a cog-wheel 29 upon a short shaft 30, which is journaled in bearings 1 at the side of the column. A clutch-wheel 31 is secured upon the shaft by means of a fin, so that it can be moved back or forth between two bevel-wheels 32 and 33, which are loosely secured upon the shaft, and which engage with another bevel-wheel 34 upon the lower end of a rod or shaft 35, which is journaled in bearin gs upon the side of the column. The upper end of this shaft 35 is provided with a short worm or spiral gear 36, which engages with a worm-wheel 37 at the end of a shaft 38, which is jonrnaled in bearings at the tops of the columns 2 2. Two sprocketwheels 39 and 40 are secured upon this shaft 38, over each of which is placed a sprocketchain 41 41, to the lower ends of which is secured a cross-piece 42, the ends of which are bent up and provided with slides 43, which fit and slide within the guides 6 6 upon the inner faces of the columns. The core 44, aroundwhich the pipe is formed, is suspended from this cross-piece by means of a rod 45, and has its lower end slightly inclined or beveled, as shown at 46, to cause it to enter the ring 47 at the bottom of the shell, and thus cause its circumference to be at the same distance from the shell at all points to make an even plpe.

To render the movements of the machine as nearly automatic as possible, I provide each clutch mechanism with a system of levers, which, when the tamping mechanism has reached a certain point, will eitherput them in motion or stop their motion, as the case The wheel 24 is secured to may be. A slide-bar 48 engages with a portion of the clutch 25 to move it back and forth upon the shaft 26,and the opposite end projects slightly beyond the inner face of the column at that side of the machine. The lower end of a lever 49 is pivotally connected with this end of the bar, whilethe upper end of the lever is bent or inclined, as shown at 50, and is pivoted intermediate its ends to the side of the column, so that when one end of the lever is-beyond the inner face of the column the other end is not. A short handle or lever 51 is pivoted in front of the clutch-wheel 31, and has its inner end bifurcated and provided with friction-rollers, which engage with a groove in the periphery of the wheel for moving the wheel back and forth upon its shaft, while the other end projects in front of the machine, where it can be grasped by the operator to put the machine in operation. Abellcrank or L-shaped lever 52 is pivotally secured to the side of the column above the clutch, having one of its ends or arms slotted and passed down over the end of the handle 51, while the lower portion of a rod 53 is pivotally connected with the other end or arm of the L. Two short stops or levers 54 and 55 are pivoted to the side of the column, one at the upper and the other at the lower end of the rod 53, to which they are each connected at one end, while the opposite end of each of the stops project beyond the inner side or face of the column and are engaged by the tamping mechanism as it is moved up or down.

In operation the machine is put in motion, which causes the table and shell to slowly revolve, and also lets the core and tamping mechanism down, as shown in Fig. 1. The sand and cement or other material from which the pipe is to be formed are now fed down upon the cover56, from whence they fall off between the shell and core, and are gradually tamped or compressed into a pipe by the action of the tamping-bars 9, which have in the meantime been put in operation. The core and tamping mechanism are lowered into their operative position by means of the shaft 38 at the top of the machine and the sprocket-chains 41 41, the shaft being revolved or rotated in the proper direction by the operator throwing the clutch 31 into engagement with the wheel 32 or 33, which will so rotate the shaft 35 and the worm-gear 36 at its top in such a direction as to rotate the shaft 38 in its proper direction. the core is suspended, and which also supports the tamping mechanism as it is being lowered, reaches the limit of its downward movement, it engages at one end with the lower one of the stops 55 and forces it down with it until the rod 53 has been moved upward sufficiently to cause the bell-crank lever to throw the clutchwheel 31 out of engagement with the bevelwheel, and thus stop the further rotation of When the cross-piece 42, to which the shaft and sprocket-wheels at the top of the machine. At the same time that the downward movement of the core has been stopped a lug or projection 57 upon the end of the frame of the tamping mechanism has engaged with and pushed back the lower end of the lever t9, and with it the slide-bar 48, until the clutch 25 has engaged with the drivepulley 22 and set the tamping mechanism in operation, and also started the table to revolving. As the pipe is formed by the accumulation of material under the ends of the tamping-bars, the entire tamping mechanism is gradually moved or lifted upward, the ends of the yokes of the frame moving within the guides upon the inner faces of the columns. \Vhen the pipe is completed, the frame has been carried up until the stop or projection 57 engages with the bent upper portion 50 of the lever 49 and forces it back until its lower end has been moved in the opposite direction sufliciently to throw the clutch 25 out of engagement with the drive-pulley 22, and thus stop the movement of the tamping-bars. The operator now throws the clutch-wheel 31 into engagement with one of the clutch bevel-wheels 32 or 33 and sets the shaft 38 and sprocket-wheels 39 and 40 into motion, and the cross-piece 42 is drawn up the guides in the sides of the columns, and with it the core is withdrawn from the completed pipe. \V hen the crosspiece reaches the bottom of the tampingmechanism, it carries italong up with it until the top of the frame engages with the upper stop or lever 54 and through it moves the rod 53 down, which throws the clutch-wheel 31 out of engagement with the clutch bevel-Wheel by means of the bell-crank lever. The shell and completed pipe are now removed from the table and an empty shell placed instead, when the core and tamping mechanism are again let down by means of the shaft and sprocketwheels at the top of the columns, and another pipe is formed in the same manner as above described.

To render the core more easily removed, it is made contractible by forming its shell 63 out of a sheet of iron or steel rolled up with its adjacent edges inclined from top to bottom, leaving a wedge-shaped space between them. A corresponding wedgeshaped block 58, provided with the wings 59 50 is secured in this space by means of the flanged keepers 60 60, which are riveted to the inner side of the shell of the core back a sufficient distance from the edges to permit of the free movement of the wings 59 as the wedge part is forced in between or withdrawn from the inclined edges of the shell, the wider part of thespace between the edges of the shell 63 and of the wedge-shaped piece 58 being at the upper edge of the core. The block 58 is secured at each end to the ends of the two cross-pieces 61 61, the opposite ends of said cross-pieces reaching just across to the opposite inner side of the core, where they are limited in their up-and-down movement by means of two pairs of stops 62 62, which are riveted to the inner side of the core at those points. The rod 45, upon which the core is suspended and swivelcd, so that it may turn with the table and shell passes up through holes in the middle of the crosspieces and through the cover 56, which is secured at its edge to the top of the core. Of course when the cross-piece 42 is drawn up by the shaft at the top of the machine and the sprocket-chains, the cross-pieces 61 (31 of the core are first raised by means of the rod 45 until their ends come in contact with the upper stops of each pair of stops 62 upon the inner side of the core, when the core will be raised with the cross-pieces. As soon as the wedge-shaped part of the block 58 is raised up in the space between the edges of the shell 63, and before the core has been started, the spring of the shell 63 forces the inclined edges toward each other, which decreases the circumference to that extent and permits of the core being withdrawn that more easily.

I11 making ordinary drain-tile the ring 47 upon the table used for centering the shell and core is smooth or flat upon its upper surface, and of course is of the size required for the tile, while with sewer-pipe, which is thicker than the drain-tile, its upper face is provided with a rib or flange G4, which makes the female joint when placed next to the core, as shown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, but makes a male joint when placed next to the shell, as shown in Fig. 11. If desired, a tile can be made with a female joint at one end and with a male joint at the other by means of the flanged rings above described by first making a number of tiles just half the length of the completed pipe, using one kind of ring. I then replace that ring with a ring of the other kind and make as many more tiles of the samelength as the firstkind. After these two kinds of tile, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, have been placed upon each other and wet down with water for a number of days, and have become sufliciently hard to handle without breaking, I take one of each kind and cement their smooth ends and place one upon the other and leave them there until the cement hardens, which will thus form the two short tiles into a long or full-length pipe having one kind of a joint at one end and another kind of a joint at the other end.

The ends of tile which are to be cemented together are made smooth and true by inverting the shell and pipe and dropping them upon a smooth hard surface with suflicient force to cause the tile to slip down to that end of the shell which is preferably made larger than the opposite end, when the shell, which is also longer than the tile, can be picked up from around the tile.

Instead of making the shell longer than the tile, it can be provided at one end with short pins or legs 76, which, when the shell and tile are dropped, will hold the end of the shell above the ground and will let the tile slip down that distance. After the pipes have thus been formed, by cementing two tiles or half IIO pipes together, they can be formed into a con-I tinuous pipe by fitting the end of one pipe; within the end of the preceding one in the or-; dinary manner, and then cementing the endsj together.

Instead of making the pipe or tile in two} parts, as above described, it can be made: in one piece by forming the female joint at; the lower end, and after the pipe has been; made as long as desired a frame is placed upon the top of the shell and pipe, with cut-1 ters 66 secured to it in such a manner that they will cut away the outer portion of thei: pipe until a male joint is formed, after whichi; the shell is removed and the pipe left to harden and dry. WVhen the pipe is thus made in one piece with the male and female joints; at the ends, it is necessary to let them remain upon the ring upon which they were formed? until they become dry and hard enough to 1 keep from breaking the thin edge of the joint, which would be the case if they were placed upon the ground without the ring. 65 is preferably made in two pieces hinged together at one end and provided with a handle ($7 at the other, so that when the two handles are brought together they project from the circular frame and can be held by the operator while he turns the frame around upon 1 As soon as the cutters out into the pipe sufficiently to let the frame touch the top of the shell, it is removed, and i the top of the pipe.

the pipe is finished.

meeting edges provided with dowel-pins 68,

and each section is secured to the half of the rings 69 69, the top and bottom rings being rectangular in cross-section, while the middle ring is provided with a flange 7 0 upon the outer portion of its lower side, leaving a groove 71 next the shell, into which the hooks of a pipe or tile cart or other device for moving it may engage. The free edge of each of the sections has cast pieces 72 72 secured between the rings, which are also provided with handles 73, similar to the handles of the frame 65, and one of these handles is further provided with a handled stirrup or latch 7 4, which can be swung over the other handle, and the shell be thus secured together as solidly as though it were made solid or in one piece. In this manner'the shell can be made of the same diameter at one end that it is at the other, while if it were made in one piece it is best made a trifle larger at the top than at the bottom, so that when it is inverted and the pipe or tile has slipped down the short distance that the shell is longer than the pipe, it is easily lifted from around the tile.

To further secure the shell to the table, hooks 75 can be hinged or otherwise secured to the table in such a manner that when the shell has been placed in position the hooks can be made to engage with the bottom rings of the shell and hold it firmly in place until The frame the hooks have been removed,when it can be taken off and an empty one put in its place; or the ring upon which the shell rests may be provided with the hooks instead of the table.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States- 1. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of hollow columns secured thereto, a revoluble table upon the base, a cross-piece secured to the tops of the columns, a vertical shaft within one of the columns, tamping mechanism between the columns, gear-wheels on the vertical shaft for operating the tamping mechanism and table, and a driving-pulley for operating the vertical shaft.

2. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of vertical columns secured thereto, a table upon the base, a shaft across the top of the machine, a sprocketwheel upon each end of the shaft, a crosspiece between the columns, a core suspended from the cross-piece, and two chains from the cross-piece over the sprocket-wheel.

In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of vertical columns secured thereto, a table upon the base, tamping mechanism above the table, a 'vertical shaft, and mechanism connecting the shaft and tamping mechanism, a bevel-wheel upon the shaft, a hollow shaft journaled in one of the columns having a bevel-wheel at one end and a clutch at the other, a shaft within the hub, and a drive-pulley upon the shaft.

4:. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of a table journaled thereon, tamping mechanism above the table, two clutches, one of which controls the rotary movement of the tamping mechanism and the table, and the other one controls the vertical movement of the tamping mechanism, and two systems of levers for operating the clutches.

5. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of vertical columns secured thereto, a table upon the base, a crosspiece between the columns, a core suspended from the cross-piece, a shaft at the tops of the columns, two sprocket wheels, and a spiral gear upon the shaft, a vertical shaft at.

the side of one of the columns, the upper end of which is provided with a worm-gear, a bevel-wheel upon the lower end of the vertical shaft, two clutch bevel-wheels engaging with the bevel-wheel upon the end of the shaft, a clutch-wheel engaging with said two bevelwheels, and a handle for operating the clutchwheel.

6. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of vertical columns secured thereto, a table upon the base, tamping mechanism above the table, a clutch at the side of the machine, a bell-crank lever pivotally secured to the side of the column above the clutch, a rod at the side of the column, thelower portion of which is pivotall y connected with one arm of the lever, and two stops or levers secured to the ends of the rod.

7. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a base-piece, of vertical columns secured thereto, a table upon the base, tamping mechanism above the table, a clutch at the side of the machine, a slide-bar, one end of which engages with the clutch and the other end projects beyond the inner face of the column at that side, a lever pivoted to the side of the column, the lower end of which engages with the slide-bar and the upper end is bent or inclined, and a stop upon the tamping mechanism.

8. In a tile or pipe machine, the combination, with a table, of a core, the adjoining edges of the shell of which are inclined, a

wedge-shaped block, two cross-pieces secured to the block, two pairs of stops secured to the inner side of the shell opposite the inclined edges, and a rod passed up through the crosspieces and through the top of the core.

9. In a shell for tile or pipe machines, the combination, with the body of the shell, of rings secured thereto, the middle one of which is provided with a groove upon its underside.

10. The combination, with a shell for tile or pipe machines, of pins or legs atone end.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereunto affixed my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

IVILLIS D. SHERMAN.

Witnesses:

GEO. M. RHETT, JEFF W. BEDFORD. 

